Sandbox Brewing

Yet another iteration of my house golden saison, this time using Escarpment Labs’ “Spooky Saison” blend which I can only assume is the Fantome strain (same as WY3725PC?). If this is true, it is a very well attenuating strain with pretty reserved ester and phenolic profiles. I will be accentuating this with a good dose of hops and bottle conditioning half the batch with brettanomyces. I have used this strain once before in ‘Old Lanes’ which was 100% Pilsner malt. I look forward to exploring it with both this and the malty house saison recipe, as I feel like it may be a good fit for my ‘house blend’ if I can get different things out of it at different temperatures.

Keeping the grist the same as the last batch due to its success, but tweaking the bitterness to be higher than previous ‘standard’ versions, but not as high as the extra-hopped version I made recently.

Stats:

OG: 1.045
FG: 1.003
IBU: 36
ABV: 5.5%

Brewed on the Grainfather, with the following batch parameters:
16L mash volume
15.5L sparge volume
26.9L target pre-boil volume
Target pre-boil SG 1.036 (73% BHE)
23.1L target post-boil volume
21L target fermentor volume

Water Adjustments:
6g Gypsum (2/3 in mash, 1/3 in sparge)
4g Calcium Chloride (2/3 in mash, 1/3 in sparge)

Mash Profile:
131F dough-in for 15 mins
145F for 45 mins
152F for 45 mins
170F mash-out

Boil 150 minutes

Grist:

78% Bohemian Pilsner [3.12 kg]
12% Vienna malt [0.48 kg]
8% Flaked wheat [0.32 kg]
2% Acid malt [0.08 kg]

Hopping:

30g German Tradition @ 60m [24 AAU]
10g Azacca @ 15m [8 AAU]
10g Nelson Sauvin @ flameout
20g CZ Saaz @ flameout

Dry hop: 10g CZ Saaz, 10g Nelson Sauvin

Fermentation:

Escarpment Labs ‘Spooky Saison’ 180B pack
No starter, pack dated best before Feb 22 (cutting it close)
Pitch temp 64F
First 48h set to 78F
Next 48h set to 80F
Next 48h set to 82F – activity rather abruptly subsided @ 5 day mark
Allowed to drop to ambient ~68F for 7-10 days

Bottle condition to 3.2 vols CO2.

Brew Day Notes: The 131F rest lasted about 25 mins instead of 15, and added a short rest at 161F on the way up to mash out. Hit pre-boil volume and SG perfectly – 27L and 1.036. 45 mins to go from mash out to boil; left the grain basket on until 196F.
Collected 21L into the fermentor of 1.045 wort, a bit higher than the 1.042 target.

Bottled March 3rd 2019 at 1.003.

Brew date: February 3, 2019
Bottling date: March 11, 2019

This is one of those rare brews where I try to emulate a BJCP style properly. Well, at least with half of the batch: the other half will be conditioned for an extended period with a blend of brettanomyces. The style is 24B, Belgian pale ale. I’ve built out a blank page recipe based on some reading as well as the BJCP guidelines. As usual, I am going with Weyermann Bohemian pilsner malt for the base, and added in a healthy dose of Weyermann Munich II (9L) malt as well. I am not adding sugar, but instead targeting a very fermentable wort for a dry finish. I hope that the oats will allow the body to remain medium to medium-low with the dry finish.

For water profile, I went light on the salts using Brewer’s Friend ‘Light and malty’ profile as a starting point. My additions below should provide about 60 ppm Ca, 42 ppm SO4, and 75 ppm Cl.

Target OG: 1.050 Target FG: 1.009
Actual OG: 1.047 Actual FG: 1.012
IBU: 28 ABV: 4.7%

Batch size: 19L (into fermentor)
BHE: 73%

Water Adjustments (add to mash):
4g CaCl
2g gypsum
2.5g 88% lactic acid to each mash & sparge waters

Mash steps:
131F dough in with 16L water
148F for 45 min
152F for 25 min
161F for 20 min
170F mash out, sparge 13.5L of 170F water

Boil 90 minutes

Grist:
3.00 kg Bohemian Pilsner (Weyermann) [69.4%]
0.80 kg Munich II Dark (Weyermann) [18.5%]
0.20 kg Flaked oats [4.6%]
0.16 kg Victory malt (Briess) [3.7%]
0.16 kg Caramunich II (Weyermann) [3.7%]

Hopping:
18.3 AAU Hallertau Tradition @ 60 min [28g]
7.6 AAU Czech Saaz @ 15 min [28g]

Other:
1/2 tablet Whirfloc @ 15 min
1/2 tsp yeast nutrient @ 15 min

Fermentation:
Imperial Yeast B53 – Precious
Pitch @ 57F
First 48 hrs at 66F
Next 48 hrs 68F
Next 48 hrs 72F
Condition 50F for 2 weeks

Bottle condition to 3.0 vols

Above: Kombi Deluxe, the dry-hopped, brett conditioned version.

Brew Day Notes:

Mashed in @ 3:55 pm, much later brew day than usual. Held 131F until 4:10 then increased to 148F and headed out for groceries. Raised to 152F at 4:50, started heating sparge water. Added 1/2 tsp CaCl and 1/4 tsp gypsum to mash water, half those volumes to sparge water. 2.5ml 88% L.A. into mash water, none in sparge water. 161F setpoint at 5:25, 170F at 5:45. Mashed out with 13.5L of 170F water, drained pretty quick – sparge took about 15 mins. Collected just a hair under 27L of 1.042 wort. After 1h 20m volume was still a tad high at 24L so let go an extra 10 minutes.

Bottling Notes:

Despite being a few points shy of my target OG, it still finished 3 points high on my target FG. I attribute much of this to the unfamiliar yeast, as my mash schedule should have produced a pretty fermentable wort. If I go with this yeast again, I’ll likely add a small amount of clear sugar along with a longer rest in the 146-148F range.

Bottled March 11 after a couple weeks in secondary with 85g table sugar for 10.5L (about 3 vols CO2). Instead of my usual technique of pouring the boiled/cooled sugar water into the bottling bucket then racking the beer on top, I bottled direct from the secondary vessel and poured the boiled/cooled sugar water into it (letting sit for 10-15 min). We’ll see how that pans out in terms of even mixing of the priming sugar – I’m a little nervous. [Note: it did not pan out well at all. About 60% of the batch was flat or near flat, while the other half was spot on – surprisingly, no gushers / overcarb]

Tasting Notes / Competitions:

Due to uneven carb, I only entered the clean version in one competition, Vanbrewers Awards 2019. It placed first in the Belgian Ale category, with scores of 36 and 35.

Buckstock is my Burton ale recipe aged for nine months with Brett C. It was brewed in January 2018, bottled in September. It’s 9.6% ABV and theoretically 80 IBU, but that is not at all apparent. There is traces of the hops in the aroma with a touch of citrus and herbal character, but the taste is all dark fruit and caramel with that typical brett C musty fruitiness. There is some leather on the finish as well. There is light carbonation, finally, which took about 4 months to develop as no fresh yeast was pitched upon bottling. Believe it or not, this is 100% maris otter pale malt – the colour is from the extended boil as well as the higher gravity.

This is the most drawn out, and perhaps convoluted beer I’ve made to date. It’s only been bottle conditioning for five months, but it was brewed in 2016. It was a turbid mashed wort made up of Pilsner, malted and raw wheat similar to a Lambic style grist and I racked it onto the yeast cake from a spontaneously fermented cider. After a few days without activity, I accepted that my fears that these yeasts would not be able to ferment maltose and picked the US-05 I had in the fridge. Over the next few weeks I added bottle dregs from a few sour beers I was drinking and left it to sit for over a year. It developed a nice clean acidity but lacked in character otherwise owing to the rather neutral primary fermentation.

My choices were to fruit, or to add honey. I decided to go with honey, and added 800g of orange blossom honey which bumped the theoretical OG up from 1.045 to 1.065.

Anyway, onto the task at hand here: tasting this creation. Thankfully, the end product is palatable. It pours full gold, with a fizzy head that dissipated to lacing fairly quickly. Not surprising, given the acidity. The aroma is largely floral, with rose and chamomile type notes, and an acidic, citrusy bite. Acidity is the first thing you notice when taking a sip, with sweet lemon and tart white peach flavours. It’s otherwise quite clean but with a bit of a lingering lactic acid thing on the finish I can’t quite place, but often experience with sour beers. The honey is also noticable on the finish, with a floral mead-like quality.

Brewed: Jan 19, 2019
Bottled: Feb 3, 2019

This is my first batch of the bière de miel I have given the name ‘Aurea’, but it has been a long time in the making. I’ve spent a lot of hours thinking about what has ended up being a very simple beer on the surface. The idea behind this beer is to showcase the honey addition in a significant way, so there is a significant amount of honey added, and the rest of the recipe is designed to support rather than overshadow the honey’s delicate flavours. Malted wheat and flaked oats are used in place of my typically favoured raw or flaked wheat to offer a little more perceived sweetness to balance the extremely dry finish and light body expected from all that honey. Water additions are kept minimal and balanced.

Target OG: 1.052 (Theoretical)
Target FG: 1.000
IBU: 25
ABV: 7%

Brewing on my Grainfather system (~73% BHE)
19L batch size (24.5L pre boil, 21L post boil targets)

Water adjustments:
2g CaCl
2g Gypsum

Mash schedule:
Dough in 131F for 15 min
Raise to 153F for 20 min
Raise to 161F for 20 min
Mash out, sparge at 170F

Boil 90 minutes

Grist:

45% Bohemian Pilsner malt [1.60 kg]
15% Malted wheat [0.60 kg]
5% Munich II [0.20 kg]
5% Flaked oats [0.20 kg]
5% Cranberry blossom honey @ flameout [0.20 kg]
30% Cranberry blossom honey @ 72 hours [1.20 kg]

Hopping:

20 AAU of German Tradition at 60 min
5 AAU of Saaz at 15 min

Fermentation:

Escarpment Labs ‘Old World Saison blend’ 180B cell pack
Pitched at 72F, free rise and hold at 78F 72 hrs

Brew Day Notes:

Brewed on the Grainfather, fermented in the 7-gal Brew Bucket and first time using the FTSs temp control setup.

Mashed in with 15L @ 131F at 11:40am. Since the mash needed to be thin to avoid pump cavitation, added 4 mL of 88% lactic acid to adjust pH. Still not great pumping and the drain pipe was a bit too tall; better to use 16L as a minimum. The mash temp reading was all over the place once I raised set point to 153F – spiked to 158, then dropped to 144 when I switched from the 1500W to the 500W element. back up to 158 again when I switched back – I think the lower water volume and lack of fluidity of the mash was leaving the probe out of the water, possibly. Settled in on the 500W element after a bit more time.

Gravity check at one week, down to 1.004 despite having added honey just a few days prior. Taste is promising, the saison yeast character is good and there is a noticeable young mead-like flavour which should hopefully round out. I realized I forgot to add nutrient when I added the post-fermentation honey, which was a pretty poor error to make, but I’m hoping the yeast was healthy enough at this time that I got away with it.

Brew Date: December 30, 2018

More or less an annual tradition, I’ve made Woodstock for three of the past four years. The idea is that it is a dark old ale, primary fermented with English ale yeast and aged with brettanomyces. The first iteration was 90% Maris Otter, 6.5% C40, 3.5% C120, and 1.5% Chocolate malt. I’ve varied the recipe each time based on specific ideas for that vintage and haven’t concerned myself with any semblance of consistency from year to year other than that it is dark-ish and aged with brett.

This batch of Woodstock is loosely based on historic porter, with all Thomas Fawcett malts. The plan is to primary ferment it for about 5 months, then bottle without sugar and allow slow attenuation to build slight carbonation over time. I’ve gone a bit lighter on gravity than previous vintages (which typically finish around 12% ABV). I suspect I’ll go the other way next year.

OG: 1.076
FG: TBD
IBU: 63
ABV: TBD

Batch size: 10L (into the fermentor)

Mash: 155F for 75 minutes; mash out 170F
Water adjustments:
– 5g Calcium Carbonate (chalk)
– 3g Gypsum
– 1g table salt

15L mash water in Grainfather
4.5L sparge (all water adjustments made in mash water)

Boil: 150 minutes

Grist:

85% Golden Promise (3.40 kg)
12.5% Brown malt (0.50 kg)
2.5% Pale Chocolate malt (0.10 kg)

Hopping/etc:

63 AAU Nugget at 75 minutes (20g)
50g medium toast boiled American oak cubes added at pitching

Fermentation:

30 seconds pure O2 added to fermentor
Safale S-04 + Yeast Bay ‘All the Bretts’ slurry
Pitch temp 61F, held at 68F for the first 48h, then let rise to 71F.

Notes: Activity picked up around the 12 hour mark. Despite decent head space, blow off started at 24h and continued for another 36h. Kept temp using water bath with ice blocks; thus temp ranged from 67F to 70F during significant fermentation. Once fermentation slowed, allowed to free rise to ambient of ~71F.

[Feb 12, 2019] Gravity sample from primary; 1.021 SG. Aroma is caramel and oak, taste includes some dark fruit as well. This brett blend has exhibited a lot of cherry pie and leather and I’m seeing that build here.

Brew date: December 29, 2018
Bottling date: January 13, 2019

This iteration of Saison Lune, my ongoing malt-balanced house saison recipe, uses an even blend of three base malts and Omega’s Jovaru lithuanian farmhouse ale yeast. The base malts are accented by some flaked wheat in an effort to balance the sweetness of the Munich. Hopping is restrained in order to keep the balance towards the malts, with a nod towards bière de garde.

OG: 1.041
FG: 1.006
IBU: 27
ABV: 4.6%

Brewed on the Grainfather, 20L batch

Water Adjustments:
4g Gypsum, 4g Calcium Chloride

Mash Schedule:

Mash in 131F with 15L, hold 15 min
144F for 25 minutes
148F for 10 minutes
151F for 5 minutes
161F for 30 minutes
170F for 10 minutes

Sparge with 13.5L of 170F water

Grist:

30% Bohemian Pilsner (Weyermann) [1.10 kg]
30% Vienna malt (Weyermann) [1.10 kg]
30% Munich I malt (Weyermann) [1.10 kg]
10% Flaked wheat [0.37 kg]

Hopping:

23 AAU Tettnanger at 60 minutes [45g]
5 AAU Hallertau at 5 minutes [20g]

Fermentation:

Omega Yeast – Jovaru Lithuanian farmhouse ale
Primary fermented at 90F for 72 hours; let free fall to 68F ambient for about 2 weeks.

Bottled with 3.0 vols of CO2 (134g table sugar)

Brewday Notes:

Activity kicked in within 6 hours! 1.007 after 10 days, still murky and tasted very doughy. After another 6 days it had dropped pretty clear and the taste was much better. Lots of white peach and a nice gentle peppery spice.

Tasting Notes:

[Feb 8 2019] Now that carbonation is where it should be, the perceived sweetness has diminished and it’s much more saison-like. A bright, and unique ester profile with a mix of citrus and apple. The malt backbone is strong thanks to all that vienna and munich. Quite nice, and full bodied and flavourful for 4.5%!

Brew date: Dec 27, 2018
Bottling date: Jan 12, 2019

In an effort to diversify my brewing experience and have something different to drink, but still well suited to my brewing equipment, I am brewing an assortment of Abbey ales over the next while. First up is a Tripel, with Tripel Karmeliet being a primary inspiration.

I chose Escarpment Labs’ Dry Belgian ale yeast because of its high attenuation and lower levels of phenols, though this is based on literature as I’ve never used the yeast. Also, with 180B cells, I feel comfortable pitching it into my half batch (10L) without a starter.

Grain bill is based on the Karmeliet clone found here, with some changes.  With oat malt being a bit tough to find in bulk, I opted to write that out of the recipe. I also made other simplifications (ie no flaked barley) because I prefer to start simple and work up from there to better understand the contribution of each component.

Target OG: 1.081
Target FG: 1.012
Target IBU: 29

10L batch brewed on Grainfather:

Water Adjustments:
1g CaCl
2g Gypsum
2g Chalk
6g 88% lactic acid

Mash Steps:
dough in at 131F (12L)
30 minutes at 145F
10 minutes at 151F
20 minutes at 160F
Mash out at 170F
Sparge 6.25L at 170F

Boil: 90 minutes

Grist:
Bohemian Pilsner malt – 2.50 kg (73.5%)
Wheat malt – 0.30 kg (8.8%)
Table sugar – 0.30 kg (8.8%) added after high krausen
Flaked wheat – 0.15 kg (4.4%)
Flaked oats – 0.15 kg (4.4%)

Hopping:
20g Hallertau at 60 minutes (22.3 AAU)
15g Saaz at 15 minutes (7 IBU)

Other Additions:
Peel of 1/2 lemon, shaved – added as a tea with the sugar
1/2 tsp Coriander seeds, whole – added as a tea with the sugar

Fermentation:

Escarpment Labs “Dry Belgian ale”
Pitch at 66F, let free rise in 68F ambient

Actual OG: 1.073
Actual FG: 1.004
Actual ABV: 9.2%

Bottle conditioned to 3.4 vols CO2 (84g table sugar into 9L bottling volume).

Notes:

Post-boil gravity 1.059, no sugar. Upped the sugar addition from 300g to 325g to help offset the lower-than-expected gravity.

As you can see, this beer dried right out! Escarpment Dry Belgian is a diastatic yeast, and it showed. I am glad I came in under gravity to account for this; even still it is exceedingly high ABV.

For the second iteration of this beer, I would like to keep the grist and hopping the same, as those profiles were great, but double the lemon and coriander (and maybe add some cardamom as well). I will also try with WLP500 next time for hopefully a more Trappist-like yeast profile.

Competition Results

3rd place (of 30 entries) – Cowtown Yeast Wranglers 2019
Score sheet results 43/50, 39/50

3rd place (of 12 entries) – Lethbridge WertContest 2019
Score sheet results TBD

Tasting Notes:

[Feb 13, 2019]  Carb is great, gradual gush but the head is extremely long lasting, pillowy, and has great cling. Medium gold in colour with chill haze. Aroma is banana and clove in equal measure on the phenolics, which are moderate, and some underripe peach character also. No alcohol noticed on the aroma. Taste wise, the carbonation dances on your tongue but the heat on the back end is noticable. Low to no fusels, but very warming and a bit young-tasting there. Nice crackery malt with light floral notes and alcohol flavours reminiscent of Piraat from my memory. Nice! Very, very dry. Could honestly stand to be less dry.

Brew date: November 24, 2018
Bottle date: December 24, 2018

This is a recipe that was crowd-sourced on the Saison, Biere de Garde and Farmhouse Appreciation Society on Facebook to be a kind of best-of-both-worlds interpretation of both classic and modern saison characteristics. It has been brewed by a number of breweries in the US as well as a good handful of homebrewers I would imagine too. The grist and hop schedule were defined but the choice of yeast was left up to the brewer in order to bring a personal touch from each participating brewer.

I chose to use the Mad Fermentationist saison blend from Bootleg Biology, augmented with a bit of Funk Weapon III, as I had freshly saved this yeast from my last batch.

Without further ado, the recipe is as follows:

Target OG: 1.042
Estimated IBU: 35

70% Bohemian Pilsner malt (Weyermann) – 7.00 lbs
18% Wheat malt (unknown) – 1.80 lbs
12% Rye malt (Mecca Grade) – 1.20 lbs

18AAU of Tettnanger (in place of Strisselspalt) at 60 min (1.5 oz)
6 AAU of Tettnanger at 10 minutes (1.5 oz)
7 AAU of Motueka at 5 minutes (1.5 oz)
4 AAU of Hallertau Blanc at 5 miniutes (1 oz)

The use of low-alpha hops as bittering, while counter-intuitive in modern brewing, has been something I’ve increasingly become a fan of lately for saison as it lends a herbal backbone to the beer that only large amounts of hop matter will provide. The inclusion of Motueka and a more characterful Hallertau varietal gives a more modern hop aroma and flavour, while the rye helps the yeast in giving a spicy edge.

Above: My glamorous brew setup in the bathroom.

I followed a more involved mash schedule than usual in an effort to optimize the head retention of this beer – which could be in vain, since I pitched a blend with a decent amount of LAB in it.

Mash Schedule:

Dough in at 131F and stir thoroughly
Raise to 144F and hold 20 minutes
Raise to 148F and hold 10 minutes
Raise to 151F and hold 10 minutes
Raise to 161F and hold 30 minutes
Mash out at 170F, sparge with 170F water

I mashed with 4.15 gallons in the Grainfather; sparged with 3.65 approximately.

Mash was slower than usual, surely due to the rye malt – which, in addition to being huskless, was milled using my burr grinder on its most coarse setting as I didn’t have a mill to use on it. This produced a bit more “flour” than I would like to admit, but overall it didn’t seem too bad.

The slow mash could be why my gravity was way high on this batch compared to my normal extract – pre-boil gravity was a startling 1.050, when I was going for the mid 1.030’s. I added one gallon of water early in the boil but even still, the OG of this beer is 1.048. I intend to dilute a bit further at bottling.

After collecting about 5.4 gallons of 1.048 wort at 72F, I pitched roughly 200B cells of the yeast blend after about 15 seconds of pure O2. Left at ambient (around 68F), activity started around 18-20 hours in and was chugging along nicely at 24 hours.

Bottled December 24, 2018 at a FG of 1.004, primed to 2.7 volumes to account for a little more attenuation in bottle. I would have liked to let it stay in the carboy longer, but due to pipeline constraints I’m letting the rest of the conditioning happen in bottle.

Tasting Notes

Jan 24, 2019 – At one month in bottle, the carb is pretty good. Aroma is slightly cidery, but no apple on the taste – very herbal, comes across more malty and full bodied than Saison Doree did, which is surprising considering their similarities and matching water profiles. Heck, it’s also a good bit darker which I find surprising. Good touch of acidity but not too much. Still young so I’d say it’s promising.

Brew Date:  September 30, 2018

Another iteration of my “house golden saison” with only minor tweaks to the recipe but two new yeast blends. This batch is being split between the 7-gal Brew Bucket and a 3-gal glass carboy.  The former will receive Bootleg Biology’s “Mad Fermentationist” blend by Michael Tonsmere, while the latter will receive WYeast 3726 saison yeast and a pack of Bootleg’s “Funk Weapon 3”. So this time, neither half will be a ‘clean’ beer.

Grain bill and mash / boil details remain the same as the previous few batches, but the flameout hops are updated from Nelson Sauvin to Hallertau Blanc for this batch. Future batches will likely go back to Nelson.

Details below for a 8 gallon batch:

73.6% Bohemian Pilsner (4.20 kg)
15.8% Vienna malt (0.90 kg)
8.4% Flaked wheat (0.48 kg)
2.1% Acid malt (0.12 kg)

100 ppm Ca, 130 ppm SO4, 75 ppm Cl (7.5g Gypsum, 5g CaCl)

Mash 145F for 45 mins
Mash 152F for 45 mins
Mash 170F for 10 mins

Mash volume 4.2 gallons
Sparge volume 4.0 gallons
Top-up water approx. 2 gallons

Boil 120 minutes

65g Willamette (3.2% AA) at 60 mins
22g Motueka (unknown AA) at 20 mins
28g Hallertau Blanc (8.8% AA) at 0 mins

Chill to 72F

2.6 gallons collected in glass carboy, inoculated with WY3726 + BB Funk Weapon 3
4.1 gallons collected in brew bucket, inoculated with BB Mad Fermentationist blend + BB Funk Weapon 3.

Both received ~ 15 seconds pure O2 before yeast pitch and allowed to free rise in ~72F environment.

The 4.1 gallon portion with Mad Fermentationist was bottled on November 18 2018 and had a great pellicle already as shown below. FG was down to 1.004 at this time and 94g of table sugar was used to prime it to 2.7 volumes – intentionally on the lowish side, in case it continues to attenuate a couple more points.

The 2.6 gallon portion with 3726/FW3 was bottled January 22, 2019 with 74g of table sugar for approximately 3.1 volumes of CO2. I didn’t check gravity but reason to suspect it’s at or near 1.000.

Pictured above is 46a, the portion fermented with the Mad Fermentationist blend, after two months in bottle. Despite the short turnaround time, this beer is already excellent: loads of citrus and herbal complexity, good malt base, and just the right dash of acidity to quench. I am really impressed by the LAB in this blend in terms of hop-tolerance.

Competitions

I entered the ‘Mad Fermentationist’ version of this beer in the 2019 Cowtown Yeast Wranglers’ competition under category 28B, where it received scores of 35/50 and 37/50 but did not place. Notes were generally that it lacked enough brett or lactic character to shine in that category, resulting in insufficient depth of character. I feel that with some more age, this beer will likely score better.

Doree Reserve

The following photo is taken May 21, 2019. This portion of the batch has developed a soft, subtle brett character. Aroma is peach, white grapes, maybe some light malt. Taste is rather full bodied with perceived sweetness but a dry finish, and keeps the pale stone fruit as the dominant character. It’s interesting how the bitterness is much more accentuated in the Mad Fermentationist version. This one has barely enough bitterness to balance the body, while the MF version is bracingly bitter.